How Often Do Dogs Go Into Heat? A Guide to Canine Oestrous Cycles

Female dogs typically go into heat twice a year, approximately every six months, with cycles commonly occurring during spring (March-May) and autumn (September-October). Male dogs do not have regular heat cycles but respond to pheromones from females in season, showing mating behaviours when they detect these scents.

During heat, female dogs exhibit physical and behavioural changes including vaginal discharge, increased urination, restlessness, reduced appetite, and heightened thirst. Owners should consider using dog nappies (also called dog pants or sanitary trousers) during this period. When walking a dog in season, extra precautions are needed to prevent unwanted attention from male dogs.

1. Recognise the signs: Look for swelling of the vulva, bloody discharge, and behavioural changes.
2. Manage the cycle: Keep female dogs securely leashed and away from intact males during walks.
3. Hygiene measures: Dog nappies can help manage discharge and prevent mess in the home.
4. Veterinary advice: Consult your vet about spaying if you don't intend to breed your dog, as this prevents heat cycles and associated health risks.

The canine oestrous cycle is influenced by breed, size, and individual factors. Smaller breeds may cycle more frequently than larger breeds. The heat period typically lasts 2-4 weeks, with the most fertile phase occurring about 9-10 days after bleeding starts.